Over

French translations of this preposition, prefix, verbal & nominal particle: au-dessus de, chez soi, re-, encore, sur-, dé-, trans-

Preposition / Adverb

Some examples

• I walked over the bridge. (prep.)

• I walked over to his office. (adv. / situative) (situatives are words like "here" or "there"
• I just walked over. (adv. / situative)
• I just walked the dog over. (adv. / situative)

• I just ran over the dog. (prep./part.) (écraser)

Preposition: over vs. above

• Somewhere over the rainbow, way up high...

Everyone knows Dorothy's song from the movie Wizard of Oz (1939). (movie version of Frank Baum, The Wonderful Wizard of Oz, 1900)

A photographer I've met in Paris has named her blog "Somewhere over my rainbow", an image that I must admit has grown on me over the years.

It seems to me that in these examples over has the sense of beyond (au délà de). Like beyond, "over" encompasses a lot of space, all the space above the rainbow. "Somewhere above the rainbow" does not imply all the space above, just a point in space. Imagine a transatlantic flight from Helsinki to New York:

• ^?First, we flew above the North Sea, then above the North Atlantic
• First, we flew over the North Sea then over the North Atlantic.

Prefix

Le préfixe est très productif:

• overbearing -- autoritaire, dominateur
• overboard --
• overclock(ing) / (-ed) -- processeur qui tourne au-dessus du taux prévu par le fabricant
• overcom(e/ing) -- dépasser, surpasser
• overlap(ping) -- chevaucher
• overly -- often "not overly" -- (pas) trop N (adverb of degree)
• overlook(ing) -- miss out, surplombant
• overrid(e/ing) -- supercede
• overrul(e/ing) -- reverse a lower court ruling
• oversee(ing) -- surveiller / gérer de loin / manage from afar / steer (piloter)
• oversight (p.p. -> n.) -- 1) mistake, erreur d'inattention 2) pilotage
• overtak(e/ing) -- dépasser, doubler
• overwhelm (v.) -- déborder, submerger, accabler

un liste plus complet chez agregink

NP adjectives / adverbs

• an over-the-counter (OTC) drug
• That outfit is over the top.
• They're over the hill. (over the hill = past middle age)

Particle

• think (STH) over (STH): réfléchir en profondeur
• go (*STH) over (STH): parcourir

• do it over = redo it (from the beginning to the end, but correcting any mistakes. "Do it again" on the other hand suggesting repeating the same action without any changes.)
• read it over: ambiguous: le relire ou le parcourir.

• get over it: prepositional usage: se remettre de
• get it over with: accomplir / subir un acte peu réjouissant
• get it done with: même sens (plus rare)

• make-over
• take-over: prise de pouvoir, prise de contrôle