Difference between revisions of "By"
From Creolista!
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*I live <u>by</u> the river. | *I live <u>by</u> the river. | ||
*I live <u>by</u> the school. | *I live <u>by</u> the school. | ||
| − | *We were sitting <u>by</u> the exit, so we could | + | *We were sitting <u>by</u> the exit, so we could get back out quickly. |
="means" argument, answers the question how?= | ="means" argument, answers the question how?= | ||
Revision as of 20:23, 23 September 2017
Contents
[hide]Agent
In the passive voice "by" introduces the noun doing the "agentive" action in the sentence. The grammatical subject is the "theme" or the patient.
agent = actor, patient = what is acted upon, theme = topic
- This book was written by Charlotte Brontë.
- The results of the older study have been replicated by several more recent ones.
- Did you have to help your son with his homework or did he do it by himself?
- Little has been written by mainstream sources about the question.
Deadline
- Income taxes must be filed in the US by April 15th
- We need get this fixed by the end of the day.
- The mail usually gets here by noon.
along / via / near / next to
- I live by the river.
- I live by the school.
- We were sitting by the exit, so we could get back out quickly.
"means" argument, answers the question how?
(complement circonstantiel de moyen / instrument, etc.)
- By rearranging the seats, the bride kept the feuding uncles as far apart as she could.
- We reached them by phone.
