Difference between revisions of "Have"
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=light verb= | =light verb= | ||
| − | "Have" est un verbe (comme ''get'', ''put'', ''make'', etc.) qui peut remplacer d'autres verbes plus précis dans le langage courant. Ci-dessous des exemples typiques des phrases où "having X" serait plus fréquemment utilisé | + | "Have" est un verbe (comme ''get'', ''put'', ''make'', etc.) qui peut remplacer d'autres verbes plus précis dans le langage courant. Ci-dessous des exemples typiques des phrases où "having X" serait plus fréquemment utilisé les verbes plus précis pour décrire une activité telle que <i>eating, inviting, giving birth, or experiencing</i>. |
*We're having tuna casserole tonight. | *We're having tuna casserole tonight. | ||
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*I'm having a baby. | *I'm having a baby. | ||
*I'm having contractions. | *I'm having contractions. | ||
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Some further examples: | Some further examples: | ||
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**<span style="color:darkred;">... meet</span>ing the production schedule. | **<span style="color:darkred;">... meet</span>ing the production schedule. | ||
**<span style="color:darkred;">... get</span>ting paid. | **<span style="color:darkred;">... get</span>ting paid. | ||
| + | |||
| + | =full verb= | ||
| + | |||
| + | "have" is used both for the idea of "possession" / "ownership" (I have a house.) and the notion of "being the seat of" (I have a headache. I don't have a clue.). This second meaning -- ''être là oû il (n')y a (pas)'' -- is less common in English than in French. (Cf. 'avoir faim', 'avoir froid', 'avoir 18 ans', tous traduit par '''be''' en anglais) | ||
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| + | *Il est toujours correct d'employer l'auxiliaire '''do''' avec le verbe plein "have". | ||
| + | *Il est rarement correct de s'en passer. (sauf dans un registre très recherché...) | ||
=Perfect aspect= | =Perfect aspect= | ||
Revision as of 13:52, 27 September 2019
Forms
- dictionary form (bare infinitive): have
- present tense: has (3s), have (1s/p, 2s/p, 3p)
- past tense: had
- present participle: having
- past participle: had
light verb
"Have" est un verbe (comme get, put, make, etc.) qui peut remplacer d'autres verbes plus précis dans le langage courant. Ci-dessous des exemples typiques des phrases où "having X" serait plus fréquemment utilisé les verbes plus précis pour décrire une activité telle que eating, inviting, giving birth, or experiencing.
- We're having tuna casserole tonight.
- They're having us over for dinner.
- I'm having a baby.
- I'm having contractions.
Some further examples:
- We're having (some) trouble ... Ving
- ... meeting the production schedule.
- ... getting paid.
full verb
"have" is used both for the idea of "possession" / "ownership" (I have a house.) and the notion of "being the seat of" (I have a headache. I don't have a clue.). This second meaning -- être là oû il (n')y a (pas) -- is less common in English than in French. (Cf. 'avoir faim', 'avoir froid', 'avoir 18 ans', tous traduit par be en anglais)
- Il est toujours correct d'employer l'auxiliaire do avec le verbe plein "have".
- Il est rarement correct de s'en passer. (sauf dans un registre très recherché...)
Perfect aspect
"Have" is the auxiliary for the so-called perfect tenses. In the perfect the main verb is in the past participle form, e.g. driven, written, bought, seen, been, etc.
- past perfect: had driven
- present perfect: has driven (3s), have driven (1s/p, 2s/p, 3p)
- future perfect: will have driven
- perfect infinitive: (to) have driven
- perfect participle: having driven
L'aspect "perfectif" est employé pour faire le bilan jusqu'à un point de répère dans le temps, e.g.
- I have (still) never been to Italy. Je ne suis toujours pas allé(e) en Italie.
- I had never been to Italy before I went last Easter. Je n'avais jamais mis les pieds en Italie, avant d'y être allé(e) pour Pâques.
- I will have finished by Monday. J'aurai terminé lundi.
Obligation
- has to (3s) have to
- had to
- will have to
