Difference between revisions of "Some - any"
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=Introduction= | =Introduction= | ||
− | |||
− | |||
− | + | One difference between "some" and "any" is quantity. | |
− | + | <br /><br /> | |
− | =+ - ?= | + | *<span style="color:maroon">Some cookies</span> ''could'' mean: |
− | + | **two or three cookies (snacktime) '''OR''' | |
+ | **eight thousand cookies (a cookie factory) | ||
+ | |||
+ | *<span style="color:maroon">Any brownies</span>: at least one brownie. | ||
+ | **'''one''' ⇒ <span style="color:MidnightBlue">an</span> / <span style="color:MidnightBlue">a</span> (compare à l'article "un(e)" en français) | ||
+ | **<span style="color:MidnightBlue">an</span> + <span style="color:MidnightBlue">''-y''</span> = '''any''' | ||
+ | |||
+ | *"Not any" means none. Not one. Zero. Zilch. | ||
+ | <br /> | ||
+ | <br /> | ||
+ | |||
+ | =Affirmative (+) / negative (-) / interrogative (?)= | ||
+ | *Dans les phrases affirmatives, on trouve presque toujours <span style="color:maroon;">''some''</span>. | ||
+ | *Dans les phrases négatives, <span style="color:maroon;">''any''</span>. | ||
+ | *Pour les phrases interrogatives, | ||
+ | ** si tu sais que quelque chose existe, emploie <span style="color:maroon;">''some''</span> | ||
+ | ** sinon, <span style="color:maroon;">''any''</span>. | ||
+ | <br /> | ||
+ | <!-- (prə · <span style="color:green">ˌnʌns</span> · i · <span style="color:DarkTurquoise">'eɪʃ</span> · ən) ɪg · <span style="color:DarkTurquoise">'zæmp</span> · əl --> | ||
+ | |||
+ | {| border="1" cellpadding="30" cellspacing="0" | ||
+ | |+ | ||
+ | |style="background:#FFF2FD; text-align:center;" | '''pronunciation'''<br /> | ||
+ | |style="background:#FFF2FD; text-align:center;" | '''example'''<br /> | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | |style="background:AliceBlue;"| <span style="color:maroon;">'''affirmative'''</span> (+) <br /> | ||
+ | ə · <span style="color:DarkTurquoise">''''fɜrm'''</span> · ə · tɪv | ||
+ | | I have got <span style="color:maroon">'''some'''</span> pennies, but I need a dollar! | ||
+ | |||
+ | |- | ||
+ | |style="background:AliceBlue;"| <span style="color:maroon;">'''negative'''</span> (-) <br /> | ||
+ | <span style="color:DarkTurquoise">'''neg'''</span> · ə · tɪv | ||
+ | | You don't have <span style="color:maroon">'''any'''</span> French fries! | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | |||
+ | |style="background:AliceBlue;"| <span style="color:maroon;">'''interrogative'''</span> (?) <br /> | ||
+ | ɪn · tə · <span style="color:DarkTurquoise">''''ra:g''' </span> · ə · tɪv | ||
+ | | Do you have <span style="color:maroon;">'''any'''</span> new games? <br /> | ||
+ | May I have <span style="color:maroon">'''some'''</span> chips? | ||
+ | |||
+ | |} | ||
+ | <br /> | ||
+ | <br /> | ||
+ | |||
+ | =Some- || Any-= | ||
+ | <br /> | ||
+ | |||
+ | {| border="1" cellpadding="30" cellspacing="0" | ||
+ | |style="background:#FFF2FD;"| '''something''' ||style="background:AliceBlue;"| Let's have ''something'' to eat! | ||
+ | |style="background:#FFF2FD;"| '''someone'''<br />'''somebody''' ||style="background:AliceBlue;"| Ask ''someone'' for help! | ||
+ | |style="background:#FFF2FD;"| '''somewhere''' ||style="background:AliceBlue;"| Let's go ''somewhere'' fun! | ||
+ | |||
+ | |- | ||
+ | |style="background:#FFF2FD;"| '''anything''' ||style="background:AliceBlue;"| We don't have ''anything'' to eat! | ||
+ | |style="background:#FFF2FD;"| '''anyone'''<br />'''anybody''' ||style="background:AliceBlue;"| Don't ask ''anyone anything''! <br /> <span style="color:DarkBlue"> - ''Ne demande rien à personne!''</span> | ||
+ | |style="background:#FFF2FD;"| '''anywhere''' ||style="background:AliceBlue;"| There isn't ''anywhere'' to sit! | ||
+ | |} | ||
+ | |||
+ | <br /> | ||
+ | |||
+ | ;something / <span style="color:DarkRed;">?</span> anything <span style="color:DarkRed;">?</span>: ''quelque chose'': I said something wrong | ||
+ | ;<span style="color:DarkRed;">not</span> anything: ''rien (<span style="color:green">objet grammatical</span>'' <span style="color:red;">❢❢</span> -- ''pour "rien" <span style="color:green">sujet grammatical</span> utilise '''nothing'''),'' par exemple: ''Nothing is missing.'' / ''There is nothing missing'' | ||
+ | ;someone / somebody // <span style="color:DarkRed;">?</span> anyone / anybody <span style="color:DarkRed;">?</span>: ''quelqu'un(e)'' | ||
+ | ;<span style="color:DarkRed;">not</span> anyone: ''personne (<span style="color:green">objet grammatical</span>'' <span style="color:red;">❢❢</span> -- ''pour "personne" <span style="color:green">sujet grammatical</span> utilise '''no-one'''),'' par exemple: ''No-one is missing.'' / ''There is nobody missing.'' | ||
+ | ;somewhere / <span style="color:DarkRed;">?</span> anywhere <span style="color:DarkRed;">?</span>: ''quelque part'' | ||
+ | ;<span style="color:DarkRed;">not</span> anywhere: ''nulle part'' | ||
+ | |||
+ | =Countable vs. Uncountable= | ||
+ | <br /> | ||
+ | |||
+ | ;traduction de la terminologie grammaticale: dénombrable v. indénombrable | ||
+ | |||
+ | Il s'agit de quelque chose qu'on peut compter ou quantifier. | ||
+ | |||
+ | ==Concepts indénombrables== | ||
+ | |||
+ | *money -- ''l'argent'' (you can count pounds, pence, dollars, cents, Euros and rubles, of course) | ||
+ | *time -- ''le temps'' (you can count hours, minutes and seconds, but not "time" itself) | ||
+ | *information -- ''les informations'' (never takes an ''-s'' in English!) | ||
+ | *love -- ''l'amour''<br /> | ||
+ | |||
+ | {| border="1" cellpadding="30" cellspacing="0" | ||
+ | |+ | ||
+ | |style="background:#FFF2FD; text-align:center;" | concept<br /> | ||
+ | |style="background:#FFF2FD; text-align:center;" | affirmative<br /> | ||
+ | |style="background:#FFF2FD; text-align:center;" | negative<br /> | ||
+ | |style="background:#FFF2FD; text-align:center;" | interrogative<br /> | ||
− | |||
− | |||
− | |||
− | |||
− | |||
|- | |- | ||
− | | ''' | + | |
+ | |style="background:AliceBlue;"| <span style="color:maroon;">'''money'''</span> <br /> | ||
+ | | I think she has <span style="color:maroon">'''some'''</span> money left. | ||
+ | <br /><span style="background:AliceBlue"> left</span> = ''qui reste'' | ||
+ | | I don't think she has <span style="color:maroon">'''any'''</span> money left. | ||
+ | | I wonder if she has <span style="color:maroon">'''some'''</span> money left. | ||
+ | <br /> I wonder if she has <span style="color:maroon">'''any'''</span> money left. | ||
+ | <br /><br /> <span style="background:AliceBlue">to wonder</span> = ''se demander'' | ||
+ | |||
|- | |- | ||
− | | ''' | + | |
+ | |style="background:AliceBlue;"| <span style="color:maroon;">'''time'''</span> | ||
+ | | I think she has <span style="color:maroon">'''some'''</span> time this afternoon. | ||
+ | | I don't think she has <span style="color:maroon">'''any'''</span> time this afternoon! | ||
+ | | Does she have <span style="color:maroon">'''any'''</span> time this afternoon | ||
+ | |||
+ | <br /> Does she have <span style="color:maroon">'''some'''</span> time this afternoon? | ||
+ | |||
+ | |- | ||
+ | |||
+ | |style="background:AliceBlue;"| <span style="color:maroon;">'''information'''</span> | ||
+ | | We need <span style="color:maroon;">'''some'''</span> information. | ||
+ | | I can't find <span style="color:maroon;">'''any'''</span> information about Wallace & Gromit! | ||
+ | | Did you find <span style="color:maroon;">'''any'''</span> information on the web? <br /> | ||
+ | <br /> Did you find <span style="color:maroon">'''some'''</span> information on the web? | ||
+ | |||
|- | |- | ||
− | | ''' | + | |style="background:AliceBlue;"| <span style="color:maroon;">'''love'''</span> |
+ | | There is <span style="color:maroon;">'''some'''</span> love in that family. | ||
+ | | There isn't <span style="color:maroon;">'''any'''</span> love in that family. | ||
+ | | Is there <span style="color:maroon;">'''any'''</span> love in that family? | ||
+ | <br /> Is there <span style="color:maroon;">'''some'''</span> love in that family? | ||
|} | |} | ||
+ | |||
+ | |||
+ | |||
+ | NB: You <span style="color;maroon">will</span> see three of the four words with an '''-s'''. | ||
+ | |||
+ | *She has three loves: her daughter, her daughter's photography, and her garden | ||
+ | *We go to Paris three times a year. (''fois'') | ||
+ | *The pound and the dollar are two different monies. (''devises'') | ||
+ | *"information" '''never''' takes an ''-s'' in English. | ||
+ | |||
+ | ==liquids and grains== | ||
+ | |||
+ | Liquids cannot be easily counted, and who wants to count grains of rice? | ||
+ | |||
+ | *I would like some coffee. (liquid) | ||
+ | *I need to buy some coffee. (powder, ground (''moulu'')) | ||
+ | |||
+ | Some examples for "mass nouns": sand, coffee, sugar, flour, rice |
Latest revision as of 17:35, 19 December 2011
Contents
Introduction
One difference between "some" and "any" is quantity.
- Some cookies could mean:
- two or three cookies (snacktime) OR
- eight thousand cookies (a cookie factory)
- Any brownies: at least one brownie.
- one ⇒ an / a (compare à l'article "un(e)" en français)
- an + -y = any
- "Not any" means none. Not one. Zero. Zilch.
Affirmative (+) / negative (-) / interrogative (?)
- Dans les phrases affirmatives, on trouve presque toujours some.
- Dans les phrases négatives, any.
- Pour les phrases interrogatives,
- si tu sais que quelque chose existe, emploie some
- sinon, any.
pronunciation |
example |
affirmative (+) ə · 'fɜrm · ə · tɪv |
I have got some pennies, but I need a dollar! |
negative (-) neg · ə · tɪv |
You don't have any French fries! |
interrogative (?) ɪn · tə · 'ra:g · ə · tɪv |
Do you have any new games? May I have some chips? |
Some- || Any-
something | Let's have something to eat! | someone somebody |
Ask someone for help! | somewhere | Let's go somewhere fun! |
anything | We don't have anything to eat! | anyone anybody |
Don't ask anyone anything! - Ne demande rien à personne! |
anywhere | There isn't anywhere to sit! |
- something / ? anything ?
- quelque chose: I said something wrong
- not anything
- rien (objet grammatical ❢❢ -- pour "rien" sujet grammatical utilise nothing), par exemple: Nothing is missing. / There is nothing missing
- someone / somebody // ? anyone / anybody ?
- quelqu'un(e)
- not anyone
- personne (objet grammatical ❢❢ -- pour "personne" sujet grammatical utilise no-one), par exemple: No-one is missing. / There is nobody missing.
- somewhere / ? anywhere ?
- quelque part
- not anywhere
- nulle part
Countable vs. Uncountable
- traduction de la terminologie grammaticale
- dénombrable v. indénombrable
Il s'agit de quelque chose qu'on peut compter ou quantifier.
Concepts indénombrables
- money -- l'argent (you can count pounds, pence, dollars, cents, Euros and rubles, of course)
- time -- le temps (you can count hours, minutes and seconds, but not "time" itself)
- information -- les informations (never takes an -s in English!)
- love -- l'amour
concept |
affirmative |
negative |
interrogative |
money |
I think she has some money left.
|
I don't think she has any money left. | I wonder if she has some money left.
|
time | I think she has some time this afternoon. | I don't think she has any time this afternoon! | Does she have any time this afternoon
|
information | We need some information. | I can't find any information about Wallace & Gromit! | Did you find any information on the web?
|
love | There is some love in that family. | There isn't any love in that family. | Is there any love in that family?
|
NB: You will see three of the four words with an -s.
- She has three loves: her daughter, her daughter's photography, and her garden
- We go to Paris three times a year. (fois)
- The pound and the dollar are two different monies. (devises)
- "information" never takes an -s in English.
liquids and grains
Liquids cannot be easily counted, and who wants to count grains of rice?
- I would like some coffee. (liquid)
- I need to buy some coffee. (powder, ground (moulu))
Some examples for "mass nouns": sand, coffee, sugar, flour, rice