Difference between revisions of "Some - any"

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(→‎Some- || Any-)
 
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<br />
 
<br />
  
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=Combinations=
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=Some-  || Any-=
 
<br />
 
<br />
  
 
{| border="1" cellpadding="30" cellspacing="0"  
 
{| border="1" cellpadding="30" cellspacing="0"  
 
|style="background:#FFF2FD;"| '''something''' ||style="background:AliceBlue;"| Let's have ''something'' to eat!  
 
|style="background:#FFF2FD;"| '''something''' ||style="background:AliceBlue;"| Let's have ''something'' to eat!  
−
|style="background:#FFF2FD;"| '''someone''' ||style="background:AliceBlue;"| Ask ''someone'' for help!
+
|style="background:#FFF2FD;"| '''someone'''<br />'''somebody''' ||style="background:AliceBlue;"| Ask ''someone'' for help!
 
|style="background:#FFF2FD;"| '''somewhere''' ||style="background:AliceBlue;"| Let's go ''somewhere'' fun!
 
|style="background:#FFF2FD;"| '''somewhere''' ||style="background:AliceBlue;"| Let's go ''somewhere'' fun!
  
 
|-
 
|-
 
|style="background:#FFF2FD;"| '''anything''' ||style="background:AliceBlue;"| We don't have ''anything'' to eat!  
 
|style="background:#FFF2FD;"| '''anything''' ||style="background:AliceBlue;"| We don't have ''anything'' to eat!  
−
|style="background:#FFF2FD;"| '''anyone''' ||style="background:AliceBlue;"|  Don't ask ''anyone anything''! <br /> <span style="color:DarkBlue">&nbsp;&nbsp;- ''Ne demande rien à personne!''</span>
+
|style="background:#FFF2FD;"| '''anyone'''<br />'''anybody''' ||style="background:AliceBlue;"|  Don't ask ''anyone anything''! <br /> <span style="color:DarkBlue">&nbsp;&nbsp;- ''Ne demande rien à personne!''</span>
 
|style="background:#FFF2FD;"| '''anywhere''' ||style="background:AliceBlue;"| There isn't ''anywhere'' to sit!
 
|style="background:#FFF2FD;"| '''anywhere''' ||style="background:AliceBlue;"| There isn't ''anywhere'' to sit!
 
|}
 
|}
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<br />
 
<br />
  
−
;something / anything: ''quelque chose''
+
;something / <span style="color:DarkRed;">?</span> anything <span style="color:DarkRed;">?</span>: ''quelque chose'':  I said something wrong
−
;<u>not</u> anything: ''rien''
+
;<span style="color:DarkRed;">not</span> anything: ''rien (<span style="color:green">objet grammatical</span>'' <span style="color:red;">❢❢</span> -- ''pour "rien" <span style="color:green">sujet grammatical</span> utilise '''nothing'''),'' par exemple:  ''Nothing is missing.'' / ''There is nothing missing''  
−
;someone / anyone: ''quelqu'un(e)''
+
;someone / somebody // <span style="color:DarkRed;">?</span> anyone / anybody <span style="color:DarkRed;">?</span>: ''quelqu'un(e)''
−
;<u>not</u> anyone: ''personne (<span style="color:green">objet grammatical</span>'' !! -- ''comme <span style="color:green">sujet grammatical</span> utilise '''no-one''')''
+
;<span style="color:DarkRed;">not</span> anyone: ''personne (<span style="color:green">objet grammatical</span>'' <span style="color:red;">❢❢</span> -- ''pour "personne" <span style="color:green">sujet grammatical</span> utilise '''no-one'''),'' par exemple:  ''No-one is missing.'' / ''There is nobody missing.''
−
;somewhere / anywhere: ''quelque part''
+
;somewhere / <span style="color:DarkRed;">?</span> anywhere <span style="color:DarkRed;">?</span>: ''quelque part''
−
;<u>not</u> anywhere: ''nulle part''
+
;<span style="color:DarkRed;">not</span> anywhere: ''nulle part''
  
 
=Countable vs. Uncountable=
 
=Countable vs. Uncountable=
 +
<br />
 +
 +
;traduction de la terminologie grammaticale: dénombrable v. indénombrable
 +
 +
Il s'agit de quelque chose qu'on peut compter ou quantifier. 
 +
 +
==Concepts indénombrables==
 +
 +
*money -- ''l'argent''  (you can count pounds, pence, dollars, cents, Euros and rubles, of course)
 +
*time -- ''le temps'' (you can count hours, minutes and seconds, but not "time" itself)
 +
*information -- ''les informations'' (never takes an ''-s'' in English!)
 +
*love -- ''l'amour''<br />
 +
 +
{|  border="1" cellpadding="30" cellspacing="0"
 +
|+
 +
|style="background:#FFF2FD; text-align:center;" | concept<br />
 +
|style="background:#FFF2FD; text-align:center;" | affirmative<br />
 +
|style="background:#FFF2FD; text-align:center;" | negative<br />
 +
|style="background:#FFF2FD; text-align:center;" | interrogative<br />
 +
 +
|-
 +
 +
|style="background:AliceBlue;"| <span style="color:maroon;">'''money'''</span>  <br />
 +
| I think she has <span style="color:maroon">'''some'''</span> money left.
 +
<br /><span style="background:AliceBlue"> left</span> = ''qui reste''
 +
| I don't think she has <span style="color:maroon">'''any'''</span> money left.
 +
| I wonder if she has <span style="color:maroon">'''some'''</span> money left.
 +
<br /> I wonder if she has <span style="color:maroon">'''any'''</span> money left.
 +
<br /><br /> <span style="background:AliceBlue">to wonder</span> = ''se demander''
 +
 +
|-
 +
 +
|style="background:AliceBlue;"| <span style="color:maroon;">'''time'''</span>
 +
| I think she has <span style="color:maroon">'''some'''</span> time this afternoon.
 +
| I don't think she has <span style="color:maroon">'''any'''</span> time this afternoon!
 +
| Does she have <span style="color:maroon">'''any'''</span> time this afternoon
 +
 +
<br /> Does she have <span style="color:maroon">'''some'''</span> time this afternoon?
 +
 +
|-
 +
 +
|style="background:AliceBlue;"| <span style="color:maroon;">'''information'''</span>
 +
| We need <span style="color:maroon;">'''some'''</span> information.
 +
| I can't find <span style="color:maroon;">'''any'''</span> information about Wallace & Gromit!
 +
| Did you find <span style="color:maroon;">'''any'''</span> information on the web? <br />
 +
<br /> Did you find <span style="color:maroon">'''some'''</span> information on the web?
 +
 +
|-
 +
|style="background:AliceBlue;"| <span style="color:maroon;">'''love'''</span>
 +
| There is <span style="color:maroon;">'''some'''</span> love in that family.
 +
| There isn't <span style="color:maroon;">'''any'''</span> love in that family.
 +
| Is there <span style="color:maroon;">'''any'''</span> love in that family?
 +
<br /> Is there <span style="color:maroon;">'''some'''</span> love in that family?
 +
|}
 +
 +
 +
 +
NB:  You <span style="color;maroon">will</span> see three of the four words with an '''-s'''. 
 +
 +
*She has three loves:  her daughter, her daughter's photography, and her garden
 +
*We go to Paris three times a year.  (''fois'')
 +
*The pound and the dollar are two different monies.  (''devises'')
 +
*"information" '''never''' takes an ''-s'' in English.
 +
 +
==liquids and grains==
 +
 +
Liquids cannot be easily counted, and who wants to count grains of rice?
 +
 +
*I would like some coffee.  (liquid)
 +
*I need to buy some coffee.  (powder, ground (''moulu''))
 +
 +
Some examples for "mass nouns":  sand, coffee, sugar, flour, rice

Latest revision as of 16:35, 19 December 2011

Introduction

One difference between "some" and "any" is quantity.

  • Some cookies could mean:
    • two or three cookies (snacktime) OR
    • eight thousand cookies (a cookie factory)
  • Any brownies: at least one brownie.
    • one ⇒ an / a (compare à l'article "un(e)" en français)
    • an + -y = any
  • "Not any" means none. Not one. Zero. Zilch.



Affirmative (+) / negative (-) / interrogative (?)

  • Dans les phrases affirmatives, on trouve presque toujours some.
  • Dans les phrases négatives, any.
  • Pour les phrases interrogatives,
    • si tu sais que quelque chose existe, emploie some
    • sinon, any.


pronunciation
 example
affirmative (+)

ə · 'fɜrm · ə · tɪv

I have got some pennies, but I need a dollar!
negative (-)

neg · ə · tɪv

You don't have any French fries!
interrogative (?)

ɪn · tə · 'ra:g · ə · tɪv

Do you have any new games?

May I have some chips?



Some- || Any-


something Let's have something to eat! someone
somebody 		Ask someone for help! somewhere Let's go somewhere fun!
anything We don't have anything to eat! anyone
anybody 		Don't ask anyone anything!
  - Ne demande rien à personne! 		anywhere There isn't anywhere to sit!


something / ? anything ?
quelque chose: I said something wrong
not anything
rien (objet grammatical ❢❢ -- pour "rien" sujet grammatical utilise nothing), par exemple: Nothing is missing. / There is nothing missing
someone / somebody // ? anyone / anybody ?
quelqu'un(e)
not anyone
personne (objet grammatical ❢❢ -- pour "personne" sujet grammatical utilise no-one), par exemple: No-one is missing. / There is nobody missing.
somewhere / ? anywhere ?
quelque part
not anywhere
nulle part

Countable vs. Uncountable


traduction de la terminologie grammaticale
dénombrable v. indénombrable

Il s'agit de quelque chose qu'on peut compter ou quantifier.

Concepts indénombrables

  • money -- l'argent (you can count pounds, pence, dollars, cents, Euros and rubles, of course)
  • time -- le temps (you can count hours, minutes and seconds, but not "time" itself)
  • information -- les informations (never takes an -s in English!)
  • love -- l'amour
concept
 affirmative
 negative
 interrogative
money
I think she has some money left.


left = qui reste

I don't think she has any money left. I wonder if she has some money left.


I wonder if she has any money left.

to wonder = se demander

time I think she has some time this afternoon. I don't think she has any time this afternoon! Does she have any time this afternoon


Does she have some time this afternoon?

information We need some information. I can't find any information about Wallace & Gromit! Did you find any information on the web?


Did you find some information on the web?

love There is some love in that family. There isn't any love in that family. Is there any love in that family?


Is there some love in that family?


NB: You will see three of the four words with an -s.

  • She has three loves: her daughter, her daughter's photography, and her garden
  • We go to Paris three times a year. (fois)
  • The pound and the dollar are two different monies. (devises)
  • "information" never takes an -s in English.

liquids and grains

Liquids cannot be easily counted, and who wants to count grains of rice?

  • I would like some coffee. (liquid)
  • I need to buy some coffee. (powder, ground (moulu))

Some examples for "mass nouns": sand, coffee, sugar, flour, rice

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