Difference between revisions of "WS:haveto"
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| − | <li><i>Have</i> and <i>has</i> can <u>not</u> be phonetically reduced on the left side. | + | <li><i>Have to</i> and <i>has to</i> can <u>not</u> be phonetically reduced on the left side. |
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| − | <li><i>have</i> never becomes <span style="color:green;">ə(v)</span> as | + | <li><i>have to</i> never becomes <span style="color:green;">ə(v)</span> as <i>have</i> can preceding a past participle. (<i>could have gone</i>, for example) </li> |
| − | <li><i>has</i> never becomes <span style="color:green;">z</span> as | + | <li><i>has to</i> never becomes <span style="color:green;">z</span> as <i>has</i> can in <span style="color:darkblue;">She<u>'s</u> got time.</span> for example</li> |
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Revision as of 01:55, 25 September 2013
Contents
[hide]have to V / need to V
phonetics
The most basic tools used to express obligation, they form a phonetic unit with the following verb. In the most informal speech, one hears:
- They all need to see a doctor.
nidtə(ʊ)si: - We have to stop using so much petrol.
hæftəstɑp - I really have to go now.
hæftəgəʊ - She has to finish cooking the books.
hæstəfɪnɪʃ
- Have to and has to can not be phonetically reduced on the left side.
- have to never becomes ə(v) as have can preceding a past participle. (could have gone, for example)
- has to never becomes z as has can in She's got time. for example
The reduction takes place around the pivot "to", as with the verbs going to V and want to V, where even the t disappears!
- I'm going to go. (sometimes written: I'm gonna' go.)
'ɡɔnəgoʊ - I want to be... (sometimes written: I wanna' be.)
'wɑnəbi
Exercise 1: Pronunciation
Practice pronouncing these verbal elements in a relaxed register:
- has to start:
hæstəstɑrt - had to stop:
hædtəstəstɑp - have to start dealing with:
hæftəstəstɑrtdi:lɪɳwɪθ - has to get done:
hæstəgetdʌn - 'll have to get it done:
lhæftəgetdʌn
Asking questions about obligations
have to and need to both require do-support for questions in the present or the past:
- Do you need to lie down?
- Do you have to work tomorrow?
- Did you have to work yesterday?
- Did you need to see a doctor?
For questions in the future the auxiliary will or its negative form won't are used:
- Won't you need to buy insurance?
- Will you need to take time off?
- Won't you have to ask accounting?
- Will you have to pay taxes this year?
Exercise 2: Find the mistakes
If there is a mistake in the sentence, correct it. If there is no mistake, leave it as it is...
- We'll have to work on this next week.
- We had work on this last week.
- Did you have to take time off from work?
- Have you to pay taxes?
- She has to get ready for a civil service exam (concours)
- He have to change the oil in the car this weekend. (change the oil = faire le vidange)
