Revision as of 09:49, 4 June 2014

I. Verb

A. Participles -ing, -ed / -en

1. Describing what is happening

2. Describing what has happened

3. Describing what often happens

See I.B.4 et I.B.4a

4. As nouns

See II.A.1.C.4

B. Verbal base.

1. Commands / Imperative (Order the pizza.)

2. Following modal verbs (We could order a pizza.)

3. Following "to" (I want you to order the pizza.)

4. Describing what often happens (I often order a pizza for lunch on Thursdays.)

a. the 3rd person s / z / iz

C. Auxiliaries

1. do

a. interaction with the negative adverb not. No, I (don't / do not) want to do more work.

b. asking questions about states of mind... (do you know, do you like, do you think, do you want to...)

2. be

a. be + -ing (present imperfect)

b. be + -en (passive voice)

3. have

a. present perfect. (Have you finished the painting?) past + present: summing up (faire le bilan)

b. causative/medio-passive (Have him come to my office when he gets here.)

4. get (semi-auxiliary)

a. get + -ed: dynamic (middle) voice (The BNP is getting fined.)

b. get + -ing: inceptive (They got the ball rolling.)

II. Substantive

A. Nominals

1. Nouns

a. singular / plural, no gender, duals

• s / z / iz
• pair of

b. countability

c. determination

1. zero determination (no article)=

proper nouns, generic plurals

2. definite determination (the, this, that, ...)

demonstrative determiners / pronouns: these / those ; situative pronouns: this / that =====3. indefinite determination (a, some, any, ...)

4. deverbal nouns (-ing, -ed/-en, verbal base)

d. pronouns (one, -one, -body, -thing, -where)

B. Adjectivals