Difference between revisions of "Sounds of English"
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<span style="font-size:14px;">/<b style="color:darkgreen;">ʌ</b>/</span> | <span style="font-size:14px;">/<b style="color:darkgreen;">ʌ</b>/</span> | ||
<ul> | <ul> | ||
− | <li>s<u>u</u>n, b<u>u</u>t, m<u>u</u>d</li> | + | <li>s<u>u</u>n, b<u>u</u>t, m<u>u</u>d, <u>u</u>ncle</li> |
− | <li>s<u>o</u>n, w<u>o</u>n, 1, br<u>o</u>ther, <u>o</u>ther, an<u>o</u>ther</li> | + | <li>s<u>o</u>n, w<u>o</u>n, 1, br<u>o</u>ther, <u>o</u>ther, an<u>o</u>ther</li> |
<li>fl<u>oo</u>d, bl<u>oo</u>d</li> | <li>fl<u>oo</u>d, bl<u>oo</u>d</li> | ||
<li>-<u>ou</u>s (fam<u>ou</u>s, gelatin<u>ou</u>s, disastr<u>ou</u>s) | <li>-<u>ou</u>s (fam<u>ou</u>s, gelatin<u>ou</u>s, disastr<u>ou</u>s) |
Revision as of 00:48, 19 September 2017
Vowels
Vowels are always voiced (which means the vocal cords vibrate when the sound is made).
ˈvaʊəlz ər 'ɔːlwəz 'vɔɪst
Long "pure" vowels
/ɑ:/
- R, star, car, far
- father, bother, bottle
- clerk UK
/i:/
- B, C, D, E, G, P, T, V, ZUS
- sea, tea, seem, feet, key
/u:/
- Q, U, W
- choose, use,
/ɜː(r)/
- first, third, 30, 30th
- shirt, clerk, certification, learn</li
- Some people sometimes pronounce words like sure & pure with this sound rather than /ʃʊr/, /pjʊr/, (myself included).
Short vowels
/ʌ/
- sun, but, mud, uncle
- son, won, 1, brother, other, another
- flood, blood
- -ous (famous, gelatinous, disastrous)
/ʊ/
- Look!, a good cookbook
- put, push, pull
- woman /wʊmən/
/ɪ/
- 6, him, this
- been, again
- women /wimin/, electric, elegance /elɪɡəns/
/e/
The precise realisation of this form varies. In South Africa the sound is closer to /e/, while in the US it is closer to /ɛ/. (fête, bête, lait, aime pouvaient). Since it is not considered phonemic (since the long "A" sound is realized as a diphthong), the standard transcription is /e/ though the sound is closer to /ɛ/ than /e/ (fée, pourrai, pouvez, aimer.)
- 7, 10, 12, F, L, M, N, S, X
- health, wedding, nephew, elementary /ˌelɪˈmentri/
- says
/ə/
- The most common vowel sound in English (also the most central vowel) (quite lax) uh... (French "euh" is very similar, but with rounded lips)
- about, above, ago
- perpetual, residual, comfortable1, science, electric, elegant, woman, sermon
- Some transcribe the sound of the suffix -ion as /ən/, though most dictionaries simply use "syllabic" /n/. More terminology wars... :) e.g. nation, ration, consideration, fashion /ˈfæʃn/, etc.
1 Most commonly the first schwa is dropped entirely. ˈkʌmftəbl / 'kʌmfətəbl