Difference between revisions of "Up"

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(Ex nihilo)
 
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==Aspectual marker==
 
==Aspectual marker==
  
"up" is often used to describe the appearance or disappearance of something (<span style="font-variant:small-caps;">sth</span>) or someone (<span style="font-variant:small-caps;">so</span>).   
+
"up" is often used to describe the appearance or disappearance of something (<span style="font-variant:small-caps;">sth</span>) or someone (<span style="font-variant:small-caps;">so</span>).  This is probably because up functions, as a particle, more like a degree adverb (''complétude'')
  
 
It also has a more directional component when combined with verbs of motion (come, go, drive, ride, etc.): ''vers le haut''. Cf.  the movie ''Up!'', or the song "Up, up, and away, in my beautiful balloon"... ^^
 
It also has a more directional component when combined with verbs of motion (come, go, drive, ride, etc.): ''vers le haut''. Cf.  the movie ''Up!'', or the song "Up, up, and away, in my beautiful balloon"... ^^
  
 +
===Completive===
 +
*<span style="color:#054;font-size:small;">break up with <span style="font-variant:small-caps;font-weight:bold;">so</span></span>: ''rompre avec <span style="font-variant:small-caps;font-size:small;color:#777;">qqn</span>''
  
 +
*<span style="color:#054;font-size:small;">break <span style="font-variant:small-caps;font-weight:bold;">sth</span> up:</span>  ''casser <span style="font-variant:small-caps;">qqch</span>, separate into parts, e.g. break up a fight, a monopoly...
 +
*<span style="color:#054;font-size:small;">blow up:</span>  inflate, explode, ''gonfler, exploser''
  
===Completive===
+
*<span style="color:#054;font-size:small;">do up (your hair, your tie):</span> ''attacher les cheveux, faire des tresses, etc., nouer une cravate... ''
*break up with <span style="font-variant:small-caps;">so</span>: ''rompre avec <span style="font-variant:small-caps;">qqn</span>''
+
*<span style="color:#054;font-size:small;">dress up:</span> wear fancy clothes
*break <span style="font-variant:small-caps;">sth</span> up:  ''casser <span style="font-variant:small-caps;">qqch</span>, separate into parts, stop a fight...
+
*<span style="color:#054;font-size:small;">eat up:</span> ''manger tout, ronger''
*blow up:  inflate, explode, ''gonfler, exploser''
+
 
*do up (your hair, your tie):  ''attacher les cheveux, faire des tresses, etc., nouer une cravate... ''
+
*<span style="color:#054;font-size:small;">mess up:</span> ''tout confondre, tout foirer'' <span style="font-size:small;color:gray;">(compare the many more vulgar terms for the latter)</span>
*dress up: wear fancy clothes
+
*<span style="color:#054;font-size:small;">mix up:</span> confuse or mix thoroughly, ''tout mélanger, mêler les pinceaux''
*eat up: ''manger tout, ronger''
 
  
*mess up: ''tout confondre, tout foirer''  <span style="font-size:small;color:gray;">(compare the many more vulgar terms for the latter)</span>
+
*<span style="color:#054;font-size:small;">fill up:</span> ''remplir jusqu'au bord''
*mix up: confuse or mix thoroughly, ''tout mélanger, mêler les pinceaux''
 
  
*fill up: ''remplir jusqu'au bord''
+
*<span style="color:#054;font-size:small;">catch up:</span> ''rattraper''
 +
*<span style="color:#054;font-size:small;">catch up on <span style="font-variant:small-caps;font-weight:bold;">sth</span>:</span> ''rattraper''
 +
*<span style="color:#054;font-size:small;">catch up with <span style="font-variant:small-caps;font-weight:bold;">so</span>:</span> ''rattraper le temps perdu''
  
*catch up: ''rattraper''
+
*<span style="color:#054;font-size:small;">wash up:</span> ''se laver les mains'', ''nettoyer'', ''(se) laver'', ''échouer (sur la plage)''
*catch up on <span style="font-variant:small-caps;">sth</span>: ''rattraper''
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*<span style="color:#054;font-size:small;">clean up:</span> ''tout ranger, nettoyer''
*catch up with <span style="font-variant:small-caps;">so</span>: ''rattraper le temps perdu''
+
*<span style="color:#054;font-size:small;">tie up:</span>  ''ligoter'', ''régler'', ''attacher'', ''accaparer l'esprit'', ...
 +
*<span style="color:#054;font-size:small;">tidy up:</span> ''ranger''
 +
*<span style="color:#054;font-size:small;">straighten up:</span>  tidy up, behave properly, ''se déplier''
 +
*<span style="color:#054;font-size:small;">throw up:</span> vomit
 +
*<span style="color:#054;font-size:small;">mop up:</span> ''nettoyer, éponger''
  
*wash up: ''se laver les mains'', ''nettoyer'', ''(se) laver'', ''échouer (sur la plage)''
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*<span style="color:#054;font-size:small;">make up (for <span style="font-variant:small-caps;font-weight:bold;">sth</span>):</span> ''(se) rattraper''
*clean up: ''tout ranger, nettoyer''
+
*<span style="color:#054;font-size:small;">make up (with <span style="font-variant:small-caps;font-weight:bold;">so</span>):</span> ''faire le paix avec <span style="font-variant:small-caps;">qqn</span>''
*tie up:  ''ligoter'', ''régler'', ''attacher'', ''accaparer l'esprit'', ...
+
*<span style="color:#054;font-size:small;">look up:</span> ''chercher une information (dictionnaire, base de données)'','' chercher jusqu'à ce qu'on trouve...''
*tidy up: ''ranger''
+
*<span style="color:#054;font-size:small;">get up:</span>  ''se lever''
*straighten up:  tidy up, behave properly, ''se déplier''
+
*<span style="color:#054;font-size:small;">wake up:</span> ''se réveiller''
*throw up: vomit
+
*<span style="color:#054;font-size:small;">stand up:</span> ''se mettre debout'' (see also upstanding)
*mop up: ''nettoyer, éponger''
+
*<span style="color:#054;font-size:small;">write <span style="font-variant:small-caps;font-weight:bold;">sth / so</span> up:</span> make a formal report
 +
*<span style="color:#054;font-size:small;">grow up:</span>  ''grandir <span style="font-size:small;color:gray;">se dit '''uniquement''' d'un enfant</span>''
 +
*<span style="color:#054;font-size:small;">bring <span style="font-variant:small-caps;font-weight:bold;">so</span> up:</span>  raise, ''élever''
 +
*<span style="color:#054;font-size:small;">bring <span style="font-variant:small-caps;font-size:small;color:#777;">sth</span> up:</span> mention <span style="font-variant:small-caps;font-size:small;color:#777;">sth</span>, start talking about  <span style="font-variant:small-caps;font-size:small;color:#777;">sth</span>, ''évoquer''
 +
*<span style="color:#054;font-size:small;">give up:</span>  abandon
 +
*<span style="color:#054;font-size:small;">show up:</span> appear, ''se pointer''
 +
*<span style="color:#054;font-size:small;">pop up:</span>  appear ''ex-nihilo'' (out of nowhere)
  
*make up (for <span style="font-variant:small-caps;">sth</span>): ''(se) rattraper''
+
*<span style="color:#054;font-size:small;">brighten up:
*make up (with <span style="font-variant:small-caps;">so</span>): ''faire le paix avec <span style="font-variant:small-caps;">qqn</span>''
+
*<span style="color:#054;font-size:small;">turn up:
*look up: ''chercher une information (dictionnaire, base de données)'','' chercher jusqu'à ce qu'on trouve...''
+
*<span style="color:#054;font-size:small;">wise up:</span>  get smarter
*get up: ''se lever''
 
*wake up:  ''se réveiller''
 
*stand up: ''se mettre debout'' (see also upstanding)
 
*write <span style="font-variant:small-caps;">sth / so</span> up: make a formal report
 
*grow up:  ''grandir <span style="font-size:small;color:gray;">se dit '''uniquement''' d'un enfant</span>''
 
*bring up: raise, ''élever''  (see also: upbringing)
 
*give up:  abandon
 
*show up: appear, ''se pointer''
 
*pop up:  appear ''ex-nihilo'' (out of nowhere)
 
  
 
===Ex nihilo===
 
===Ex nihilo===
  
*draw up (a plan)
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*<span style="color:#054;font-size:small;">come upon:</span> find unexpectedly, [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eureka_(word) Εύρηκα!]
*dream up
+
*<span style="color:#054;font-size:small;">draw up (a plan):</span>
*conjure up
+
*<span style="color:#054;font-size:small;">dream up:</span> imagine (far-fetched stuff)  fetch = to retrieve, to get. Cf. [[Dogs]]
*lawyer up:  hire briefcase-toting lawyers
+
*<span style="color:#054;font-size:small;">conjure up:</span> ''fait rêver''  (not to be confused with ''fait dodo'', or any other Cajun traditions)
*make <span style="font-variant:small-caps;">sth</span> up: invent  (make up a story, an excuse, etc.)
+
*<span style="color:#054;font-size:small;">lawyer up:</span> hire an attorney or a squad of attorneys
*make-up
+
*<span style="color:#054;font-size:small;">make <span style="font-variant:small-caps;font-size:small;font-weight:bold;">sth</span> up:</span> invent  (make up a story, an excuse, etc.)
*stir up (trouble, discontent):  ''agiter''
+
*<span style="color:#054;font-size:small;">make-up:</span> eye liner, eye shadow, blush, base, lipstick, powder, ...
*cook up (a plan): ''mijoter''
+
*<span style="color:#054;font-size:small;">stir up (trouble, discontent):</span> ''agiter''
*cook <span style="font-variant:small-caps;">sth</span> up
+
*<span style="color:#054;font-size:small;">cook up (a plan):</span> ''mijoter''
*whip <span style="font-variant:small-caps;">sth</span> up (to eat)
+
*<span style="color:#054;font-size:small;">cook <span style="font-variant:small-caps;font-size:small;font-weight:bold;">sth</span> up:</span>
 +
*<span style="color:#054;font-size:small;">whip <span style="font-variant:small-caps;font-size:small;font-weight:bold;">sth</span> up (to eat):</span>
  
 
==Directional (more adverbial)==
 
==Directional (more adverbial)==

Latest revision as of 21:55, 24 December 2019

Baleine, mooning up
(Lyon, Parc de la tête d'or, 2014)

Aspectual marker

"up" is often used to describe the appearance or disappearance of something (sth) or someone (so). This is probably because up functions, as a particle, more like a degree adverb (complétude)

It also has a more directional component when combined with verbs of motion (come, go, drive, ride, etc.): vers le haut. Cf. the movie Up!, or the song "Up, up, and away, in my beautiful balloon"... ^^

Completive

  • break up with so: rompre avec qqn
  • break sth up: casser qqch, separate into parts, e.g. break up a fight, a monopoly...
  • blow up: inflate, explode, gonfler, exploser
  • do up (your hair, your tie): attacher les cheveux, faire des tresses, etc., nouer une cravate...
  • dress up: wear fancy clothes
  • eat up: manger tout, ronger
  • mess up: tout confondre, tout foirer (compare the many more vulgar terms for the latter)
  • mix up: confuse or mix thoroughly, tout mélanger, mêler les pinceaux
  • fill up: remplir jusqu'au bord
  • catch up: rattraper
  • catch up on sth: rattraper
  • catch up with so: rattraper le temps perdu
  • wash up: se laver les mains, nettoyer, (se) laver, échouer (sur la plage)
  • clean up: tout ranger, nettoyer
  • tie up: ligoter, régler, attacher, accaparer l'esprit, ...
  • tidy up: ranger
  • straighten up: tidy up, behave properly, se déplier
  • throw up: vomit
  • mop up: nettoyer, éponger
  • make up (for sth): (se) rattraper
  • make up (with so): faire le paix avec qqn
  • look up: chercher une information (dictionnaire, base de données), chercher jusqu'à ce qu'on trouve...
  • get up: se lever
  • wake up: se réveiller
  • stand up: se mettre debout (see also upstanding)
  • write sth / so up: make a formal report
  • grow up: grandir se dit uniquement d'un enfant
  • bring so up: raise, élever
  • bring sth up: mention sth, start talking about sth, évoquer
  • give up: abandon
  • show up: appear, se pointer
  • pop up: appear ex-nihilo (out of nowhere)
  • brighten up:
  • turn up:
  • wise up: get smarter

Ex nihilo

  • come upon: find unexpectedly, Εύρηκα!
  • draw up (a plan):
  • dream up: imagine (far-fetched stuff) fetch = to retrieve, to get. Cf. Dogs
  • conjure up: fait rêver (not to be confused with fait dodo, or any other Cajun traditions)
  • lawyer up: hire an attorney or a squad of attorneys
  • make sth up: invent (make up a story, an excuse, etc.)
  • make-up: eye liner, eye shadow, blush, base, lipstick, powder, ...
  • stir up (trouble, discontent): agiter
  • cook up (a plan): mijoter
  • cook sth up:
  • whip sth up (to eat):

Directional (more adverbial)

  • go up(stairs): monter (à l'étage)
  • go up to (sth / so): aller jusque devant...
  • swim upstream: nager à contre-courant
  • look up: regarder vers le haut, improving (things are looking up)