Out

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Revision as of 02:58, 23 May 2013 by WikiSysop (talk | contribs) (hors (de))
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4 basic meanings, or maybe 7

lack, absence, manque, panne

  • sold out, a sellout, voted out, outmoded, out of order (vending machine)
  • We ran out of gas.
  • You're out of luck.
  • Jerzy flunked out of college twice.

à ou vers l'extérieur

  • Go play outside, but don't stay out too long, we're eating out tonight.
  • Let's get take-out tacos and crunch in the park.
  • outbound traffic (vers l'extérieur), outbox, output
  • Get out your notebooks.
  • Keep out!

hors (de)

  • out of the question
  • out of order (courtroom decorum)
  • out of bounds
  • out of season
  • cast out, outcasts, outliers,
  • throw STH out

hors pair / dominant

  • outclass, outperform, outshout, outfox, etc. etc.

completely (extension)

  • fill out a form. (UK = fill in)
  • the outline of a lesson plan (outline = plan)
  • Let them fight it out, we've got better things to do.
  • She lived out her life in a home in the kingdom of the sea.
  • Check this out. (sens: regarde de bien plus près, c'est curieux...)


Souvent les verbes à particules peuvent avoir des sens radicalement différents dans différents contextes selon le sens qui prime (parmi les 5 ci-dessus, par exemple)

  • come out (sortir, paraitre, se savoir, être révélé / rendu publique)
  • give out (distribuer, (r)émettre 4), lâcher, s'épuiser)
  • hold out (tendre, résister, durer)


See this blogpost for a few more examples if you're interested.

combines with other prepositions

  • without: fr sans la sine, ru bez', de ohne, ...
  • about (Old English abutan, earlier onbutan "on the outside of," from on + be "by" + utan "outside," from ut (out)). etym-online
  • throughout: à travers time or space