Four conditionals - Revision history

Sashi: /* 0th conditional */

2021-05-06T18:42:23Z

‎0th conditional

2020-04-14T13:14:05Z

‎3rd conditional

2020-04-14T13:12:07Z

‎3rd conditionals

2020-04-14T13:08:33Z

‎2nd conditional

2020-04-14T11:29:24Z

‎2nd conditional

2020-04-14T11:28:10Z

‎1st conditional

2020-04-14T11:27:45Z

‎1st conditional

2020-04-14T09:18:25Z

‎1st conditional

2020-04-14T09:17:05Z

‎3rd conditionals

2020-04-14T09:14:13Z

‎2nd conditional

@@ Line 3: / Line 3: @@
 ==0th conditional==
-With the /<span style="color:#060;">'zi roʊθ</span>/ conditional,  the condition is purely a logical link, not a temporal one.  <span style="font-size:78%;">hehe... not so simple, the zeroeth conditional, huh?</span>.  In other words ''if'' is equivalent to ''when'' or ''whenever''... <span style="font-size:78%;">''i.e. (à) chaque fois''</span>
+With the /<span style="color:#060;">'zi roʊθ</span>/ conditional,  the condition is purely a logical link, not a temporal one.  It is used to talk about general truths.  In other words ''if'' is equivalent to ''when'' or ''whenever''... <span style="font-size:78%;">''i.e. (à) chaque fois''</span>
 *If you snooze, you lose.
 *If she doesn't practice, she gets rusty.
 Notice that the verbs are conjugated in the standard present tense. (3rd person <span style="font-variant:small-caps;color:#318;">-s</span>)  The present progressive (<span style="font-variant:small-caps;color:#318;">be + -ing</span>) is not common with the 0th conditional, because the 0th is outside of time.

@@ Line 71: / Line 71: @@
 *If they'<u>d known</u> you were here, they <u>might have come</u> to say hello.
-Semantics, the proposition in the protase in 3rd conditionals is not true (it is counterfactual).
+Semantics: the proposition in the protase in 3rd conditionals is not true or is not what happened. (It is said to be ''counterfactual.'')
 Again, this is like French (just simpler, because you don't have to choose between ''avoir'' & ''être'')

@@ Line 62: / Line 62: @@
 : ''Si je jou<u>ais</u>, je gagne<u>rais</u>.''
-==3rd conditionals==
+==3rd conditional==
 In the ''apodose'' the three modals used in 2nd conditionals ('''would''', '''could''', & '''might''') are  followed by the perfect infinitive (<span style="font-variant:small-caps;color:#318;">have + -en</span>).  In the ''protase'' the verb is in the pluperfect (<span style="font-variant:small-caps;color:#318;">had + -en</span>)
@@ Line 71: / Line 71: @@
 *If they'<u>d known</u> you were here, they <u>might have come</u> to say hello.
-Semantics, the proposition in the protase in 3rd conditionals is not true (counterfactual).
+Semantics, the proposition in the protase in 3rd conditionals is not true (it is counterfactual).
 Again, this is like French (just simpler, because you don't have to choose between ''avoir'' & ''être'')

@@ Line 59: / Line 59: @@
 Again, this is very much like French:
-: ''Si elle all<u>ait</u> venir, elle se <u>rait</u> déjà là.''
+: ''Si elle all<u>ait</u> venir, elle se<u>rait</u> déjà là.''
 : ''Si je jou<u>ais</u>, je gagne<u>rais</u>.''

@@ Line 48: / Line 48: @@
 The second conditional is counter-intuitive because you use the past to speak about a potential future:
-* If she had a million dollars, she <u>would</u>n't buy a yacht.
+* If she '''had''' a million dollars, she <u>would</u>n't buy a yacht.
-* She <u>might</u> be more tempted, if she had a hundred million dollars.
+* She <u>might</u> be more tempted, if she '''had''' a hundred million dollars.
-* You <u>could</u> make bills, if you had a better-paying job.
+* You <u>could</u> make bills, if you '''had''' a better-paying job.
-* If I had his address, I <u>could</u> send him the photo.
+* If I '''had''' his address, I <u>could</u> send him the photo.
 The word most associated with the 2nd conditional is ''irrealis'', when you use the second conditional, you're saying what would or could happen under certain circumstances.  in the ''apodose'', you will find three principal modals: '''would''', '''could''', & '''might'''.

@@ Line 26: / Line 26: @@
 <strong style="color:#700;font-size:85%;">must</strong>, <strong style="color:#700;font-size:85%;">shall</strong>, and <strong style="color:#700;font-size:85%;">should</strong> are rare in both the <span style="color:#060;font-size:85%;">''apodose''</span> and in the <span style="color:#060;font-size:85%;">''protase''</span>.
 Some liberty is allowed beyond those three modals of course:
@@ Line 34: / Line 33: @@
 *You <u>could</u> wait to change cars, if you think the price will come down.
 *You really <u>must</u> come to Vienne if you want to see some cool Roman relics.
 This is very similar to French.

@@ Line 22: / Line 22: @@
 One of three principal modals (<strong style="color:#700;font-size:85%;">can</strong>, <strong style="color:#700;font-size:85%;">may</strong>, or <strong style="color:#700;font-size:85%;">will</strong>) is used in the other clause <span style="font-size:85%;">(called the <span style="color:#060;">''apodose''</span>)</span>.
+*If you're coming to the dinner tonight, he <u>may</u> be there.
-This is very similar to French.
+*I'<u>ll</u> take the newspaper if you've finished with it.
 <strong style="color:#700;font-size:85%;">must</strong>, <strong style="color:#700;font-size:85%;">shall</strong>, and <strong style="color:#700;font-size:85%;">should</strong> are rare in both the <span style="color:#060;font-size:85%;">''apodose''</span> and in the <span style="color:#060;font-size:85%;">''protase''</span>.
 Some liberty is allowed beyond those three modals of course:
@@ Line 45: / Line 34: @@
 *You <u>could</u> wait to change cars, if you think the price will come down.
 *You really <u>must</u> come to Vienne if you want to see some cool Roman relics.
 ==2nd conditional==